7. Relevant Publications

The ODS system and TBA technique are described in the following articles and documentation.

For information on how ODS may enhance VLA observation, please refer to the Operational Data Sharing for RFI Mitigation section of the VLA Observing Guide.

7.1. Product Sheet

7.2. ITU Consensus Documents

  • Report ITU-R RA.2126-2 (Mar 2026) - Mitigation techniques relating to radio frequency interference into radio astronomy

  • ITU-R R23-WP7D Contribution 307 (02 Sep 2026) - Working document towards a preliminary draft new Report ITU-R RA.[BSA] - Evaluation of radio telescope boresight avoidance and its impact on reduction of unwanted emissions from non-GSO satellite systems

7.3. FCC Rules

  • FCC Rule 47 CFR 2.106(c)(131) (or US131)

    “In the band 10.7-11.7 GHz, non-geostationary satellite orbit licensees in the fixed-satellite service (space-to-Earth), prior to commencing operations, shall coordinate with the following radio astronomy observatories to achieve a mutually acceptable agreement regarding the protection of the radio telescope facilities operating in the band 10.6-10.7 GHz.”

7.4. Referenced in FCC Filings

For the complete list if FCC comment filings:

7.5. Coordination Agreements & Announcements

7.6. Peer-reviewed Journals

Nhan, B. D.; De Pree, C. G.; Beasley, A.; et al. (04 Nov 2025) - ODS: A self-reporting system for radio telescopes to coexist with adaptive satellite constellations. IEEE Communication Magazine, Vol. 63, Issue 11, Pages 146-151

Nhan, B. D.; De Pree, C. G.; Iverson, M.; et al. (19 Aug 2024) - Toward Spectrum Coexistence: First Demonstration of the Effectiveness of Boresight Avoidance between the NRAO Green Bank Telescope and Starlink Satellites. ApJL 971 L49

7.7. Peer-reviewed Conference Papers

Nhan, B. D.; De Pree, C. G.; Wasik, S.; et al. (Jun 2026) - Lessons learned from ongoing coordination between NRAO/GBO and LEO NGSO satellite constellations IEEE-RFID 2026 Workshop - National Radio Dynamic Zones (NRDZ): Looking Back - Looking Forward. ArXiv preprint 2607.08875

7.8. Conference Presentations

Nhan, B. D.; et al. (Sep 2025) - SWIFT-SAT: Operational Data Sharing (ODS). NSF SWIFT & NewSpectrum PI Meeting. Alexandria, VA. (Slides)

Nhan, B. D.; De Pree, C. G.; et al. (Jan 2025) - Operational Data Sharing (ODS) Framework: A radio telescope self-reporting system for satellite operators to mitigate downlink RFI. AAS 245th, National Harbor, MD. (AAS Abstract & AAS iPoster)

Nhan, B. D.; et al. (Oct 2024) - Operational Data Sharing (ODS) Framework: A coexistence strategy for radio observatories in the broadband era. URSI RFI Workshop 2024, Barciloche, Argentia. (Program & Slides)

Nhan, B. D.; et al. (May 2024) - Operational Data Sharing (ODS) Framework. NSF Spectrum Week. Alexandria, VA. (Poster)

Nhan, B. D.; De Pree, C. G.; et al. (Jan 2024) - Operational Data Sharing (ODS) Framework - A Coexistence Strategy for Radio Observatories in the Broadband Era. Special Session J - RFI Mitigation and Spectrum Management. USNC-URSI-NRSM, Boulder, CO. (IEEE Xplore abstract & URSI Program)

7.9. Seminar Presentations

  • De Pree, Chris (11 Feb 2026) - Sharing the Radio Spectrum with Satellite Constellation Operators GBO Lunch Talk (YouTube recording)

7.10. Technical Memos

7.10.1. NRAO RFI Memos

  1. RFI Memo 169 (12 May 2026) - Spectral Occupancy Analysis of VLA RFI Survey Observations (2013–2026)

  2. RFI Memo 168 (12 May 2026) - Impacts of New Technologies at the Gray Hill Tower on VLA Operations

  3. RFI Memo 167 (12 May 2026) - Impact of Zone Avoidance in Reducing Satellite Downlink Signal Strength at VLBA Station

  4. RFI Memo 166 (20 Feb 2026) - SpaceX-VLA Alamo Pilot Results

  5. RFI Memo 160 (12 Mar 2025) - Starlink’s Supplemental Coverage from Space (SCS) Tests at S-Band and UWBR

  6. RFI Memo 159 (12 Mar 2025) - Starlink’s Supplemental Coverage from Space (SCS) Test at L-Band

  7. RFI Memo 158 (06 Dec 2024) - Satellite-Telescope Boresight Interaction Percentage

  8. RFI Memo 154 (06 Oct 2023) - Coordinated GBT-Starlink Tests (April-July 2023)

  9. RFI Memo 153 (04 Oct 2023) - Detrimental Emission Levels for Orbital RFI

  10. RFI Memo 121 (15 Apr 2023) - SpaceX-VLA Alamo Pilot Testing

  11. RFI Memo 120 (15 Apr 2023) - Coordinated Starlink User Terminal Testing Near the VLA

Visit NRAO RFI Memo repository

7.10.2. MIT Haystack Memos

  1. VGOS Memo 062 (01 Apr 2025) - Westford–SpaceX coordinated testing procedures for mitigation of adverse effects from Starlink direct-to-cell transmissions at S band

Visit the MIT Haystack Memo repository

7.11. Summer Student Reports & Presentations

7.12. News Articles